"In 1969, [[Moore]] became [[Intel]]’s co-founder, and (as already noted) in 1971 the company released its first microprocessor (microchip), with 2,300 components. Microprocessor fabrication had eventually advanced from large-scale integration (up to 100,000 components) to very large-scale integration (VLSI, up to 10 million components), and to ultra large-scale integration (ULSI, up to a billion components). "The 105 mark (100,000 transistors) was reached in 1982, and in 1996, to celebrate the machine’s 50th anniversary, a group of students at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] recreated ENIAC by putting 174,569 transistors on a 7.4 mm × 5.3 mm silicon microchip: the original machine was more than 5 million times heavier, it required about 40,000 times more electricity, and the recreated chip was 500 times faster. And the progress continued: the 108 mark was surpassed in 2003, 109 in 2010, and by the end of 2019 [[AMD]] released its Epyc CPU with 39.5 billion transistors. **This means that between 1971 and 2019 microprocessor power increased by seven orders of magnitude—17.1 billion times, to be exact**." ([Location 2525](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B08SGC3TD3&location=2525)) --- **Tags** -- [[quotes]], [[moore's-law]], [[transistors]], [[semiconductors]], [[innovation]], [[microprocessors]] **Source** -- [[202412030828 - B - How the World Really Works]]